The history of game theory has evolved since the 1940s, aiming to understand human behavior in social and economic settings. Initially focused on rational behavior, game theory has expanded to include non-cooperative and cooperative games, leading to the development of evolutionary and behavioral game theory in recent decades. These new fields explore dynamic processes of evolution and learning in economic behavior, as well as the structures of motivation, cognition, and reasoning in human decision-making. Game theory remains a vibrant area of research in economics, bridging traditional theory with insights from psychology.