The researchers investigated how small halal food businesses in Malaysia are using technology like the Internet of Things (IoT) to ensure the safety and quality of their products. They found that many of these businesses are not using IoT effectively to manage their production processes. Despite the potential benefits, most halal food-based SMEs in Malaysia have low adoption rates of IoT. This suggests that there is a need for significant changes to help these businesses implement IoT technology to improve the trustworthiness of halal food products in the market.