The researchers studied 90 advanced bread wheat lines to understand how different traits affect grain yield. They found that traits like biological yield per plant, harvest index, days to maturity, plant height, and tillers per plant are closely related to grain yield. By focusing on these traits, breeders can develop high-yielding wheat varieties more effectively. The study showed that biological yield per plant, harvest index, days to 50% flowering, and plant height have the most direct impact on grain yield. This means that selecting wheat varieties based on these traits can lead to higher grain yields in the future.