A new method was developed to make it easier to design and manufacture metal and composite structures. Traditional design methods often lead to problems during manufacturing because designers and manufacturers don't always understand each other's needs. This new method, called Concurrent Engineering, helps bridge that gap by considering both design and manufacturing requirements from the start. The researchers used this method to create three different structures, including a flight control system bracket and a composite door for an aircraft. By linking design and manufacturing variables and optimizing for functional parameters, they were able to create more efficient and effective designs.