Climate control trade-offs revealed: Optimized policy response can mitigate unanticipated climate disasters.
Persistent greenhouse gas emissions are a threat to global climate goals. The MARGO model shows that different methods of controlling climate damage, like mitigation and solar radiation modification, are not interchangeable. Early and aggressive mitigation is crucial to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations. Using all four controls is the most cost-effective way to reduce climate suffering. However, the trade-offs between these controls depend on various factors and future costs. It's important to adjust climate control policies over time in response to unexpected outcomes. In scenarios where mitigation and carbon dioxide removal are insufficient, or solar radiation modification is suddenly stopped, changing policies can lead to significant benefits. The MARGO model is designed to be simple, transparent, and accessible for a wider range of people to engage with climate-related issues.