The study looked at how economic growth, economic openness, and energy consumption in Indonesia affect carbon dioxide emissions. They found that in the short term, previous carbon dioxide emissions, economic openness, and energy consumption all impact carbon dioxide emissions. In the long term, economic growth, economic openness, and energy consumption also affect carbon dioxide emissions. The analysis showed a two-way relationship between energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions, and a one-way relationship between economic growth and carbon dioxide emissions. The researchers suggest that Indonesia needs to focus on environmental quality alongside economic development, and use energy resources more efficiently and sustainably.