The Energy Technologies Perspectives model was used to study ways to reduce carbon emissions in the future. They looked at various scenarios, like one where global emissions are cut by half in 2050. The study finds that carbon capture and storage (CCS) could help decrease CO2 by 19% in 2050. If CCS isn't used, costs to reach the same goal would go up by 71%. In a scenario with a high price on CO2, it makes more sense to replace old power plants with new ones equipped with CCS. By 2010, there were supposed to be 20 demonstration plants for CCS. The study suggests that retrofitting and building new power plants with CCS can be a big help in reducing emissions according to the approach used.