The researchers studied different crosses of bitter gourd plants to see which ones produced the best fruit yield. They found that some crosses showed significant improvement in yield compared to the original plants and standard checks. The hybrids IC-085618 X Phule green gold and IC-085618 X CO-1 were particularly successful in producing high fruit yield per hectare. This means that these specific combinations of plants could be used to grow bitter gourds more efficiently and effectively.