The researchers evaluated wetland protection in the Pearl River Basin to safeguard biodiversity. They used systematic planning methods and a spatial optimization model to identify areas needing urgent protection. The study found a lack of protection in the basin and highlighted specific regions with wetland protection gaps. Recommendations include establishing nature reserves and wetland parks to restore and protect important ecological resources. The findings can help adjust the wetland protection system in the Pearl River Basin for sustainable development and benefit key economic areas like the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.