The red weathering crusts on carbonate rocks have unique structures due to erosion. By studying a dolomite rock in China, researchers found that the crusts form through the transportation of residues within the rock. The crusts contain layers of in-situ weathering residues and accumulated deposits, leading to undulating weathering patterns. The age of the weathering layers changes from top to bottom, with the weathering front being a key site of geochemical reactions. As the crusts reach a balance, they undergo slow reconstruction. This study sheds light on how these distinctive crusts are formed on carbonate rocks.