The researchers studied heavy metal contamination in sediment samples from three lakes in Udaipur, Rajasthan. They used different methods to assess pollution levels in the lakes during summer and winter. In summer, some lakes had low to very high contamination, while in winter, all lakes showed high contamination. The most common heavy metals found were manganese, zinc, lead, nickel, copper, and cadmium. Overall, heavy metal accumulation in sediments was higher in winter than in summer, posing a significant pollution issue due to toxicity and bioaccumulation in the food chain.