China's land use and ecological security have been impacted by rapid urbanization and development. A new model combining FCE and AHP methods was used to assess these factors. The study found that from 2004 to 2017, China's land use was unbalanced, with construction, mining, and cultivated land increasing at the expense of ecological land. Economic sustainable development was identified as the most crucial factor affecting land ecological security. While overall land ecological security improved over the years, it remains at an insecure level. The sustainable development of resources and the environment has been declining since 2011, highlighting the need for more focus on enhancing land ecological security.