Land use changes in Nan Province, Thailand affect river discharge and sediment yield. The AnnAGNPS model was tested to predict runoff and sediment loads using data from 2011 to 2017. By considering factors like runoff curve number and soil erodibility, the model accurately estimated runoff and sediment yields. It showed that cropland had the highest soil erosion, contributing to 87.52% of total erosion. The model predicted a total sediment yield of 12,932 hundred tons in 2017, with the highest sediment yield in areas with high crop densities. This suggests that the AnnAGNPS model can help manage soil erosion and control floods and droughts in Nan Province.