The researchers studied how using the right amount of nitrogen fertilizer can improve rice yields and reduce a disease called rice blast in two different types of rice plants. By applying 16.7% less nitrogen than usual, they found that one type of rice had a much higher yield, while the other type had the same yield. The rice plants also had lower levels of rice blast disease when the optimized nitrogen was used. This shows that using the right amount of nitrogen can help rice plants grow better and be healthier, especially when they are grown together with other crops.