The history of economics dates back to ancient civilizations, but the modern discipline emerged in Western Europe in the 16th-18th centuries. Orthodox economics took shape after the Marginal Revolution in the 1870s, followed by heterodox branches like macroeconomics and Marxian economics. In the 20th century, economists turned to history for insights, but later shifted focus due to time constraints. However, in the 21st century, research in the history of economics remains vibrant, especially during economic crises. Challenges for historians include finding a place in academia and providing postgraduate training.