The researchers conducted a field experiment to see how adding treated wheat straw and different levels of fertilizer affected the yields of green gram and wheat, as well as the health of the soil and its microorganisms. They found that incorporating wheat straw increased the yield of green gram by 10-19% and improved nutrient uptake. Applying specific levels of fertilizer to wheat crops resulted in the highest grain yield. Wheat straw incorporation also had a positive residual effect on wheat yield and nutrient uptake. The soil's organic carbon content improved significantly with the addition of wheat straw. Overall, incorporating crop residue into the soil can enhance soil fertility, increase microbial populations, and boost crop yields.