Low soil fertility is a challenge for agriculture in India. A study in Kanpur looked at using different levels of nitrogen and a biofertilizer called Azotobacter to improve maize crop yield. They found that higher nitrogen levels, along with Azotobacter and organic manure, led to the best grain yield. The maize plants also took up more nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium with the higher nitrogen levels. Additionally, the protein content in the maize grain increased when organic manure and biofertilizers were used together with nitrogen.