The article discusses various methods to assess the seismic vulnerability and structural behavior of historic masonry buildings. Researchers used techniques like sonic pulse velocity, infrared thermography, and numerical modeling to evaluate the strength and earthquake resistance of different heritage structures. Key findings include the analysis of historic mortars, assessment of masonry strength, and the feasibility of using water repellent materials in renovation projects. The study also looked at the impact of earthquake characteristics on the collapse of historical buildings and developed models to predict the long-term behavior of brickwork under different conditions.