The article examines how the Common Agricultural Policy affects farmers' income in Romania. It looks at the current state of Romanian agriculture and rural economy, aiming to reduce risks of integrating into the EU. The research shows that changes in agriculture and rural development have led to economic challenges, demographic shifts, social changes, and environmental pressures. Modernizing agriculture is difficult due to lack of capital, credit systems, and resources, as well as price dependencies. The study suggests that integrating agriculture into the market economy and modernizing it face significant obstacles in Romania.