The scientists studied how glass breaks when hit and how it shatters afterward, using a mix of computer methods called FEM/DEM. They made a fracture model for glass and tested it in 2D and 3D scenarios. The study found that glass's strength, energy to break, and thickness matter most for surviving hits. They also made new models for different kinds of glass. For laminated glass, which is layers of glass stuck together, the models showed it's better at absorbing energy than solid glass.