The researchers investigated the relationship between agriculture, income, energy consumption, and CO2 emissions in Ghana from 1980 to 2014. They found that GDP, energy consumption, and agricultural value added increase CO2 emissions, while higher GDP reduces them. Agriculture and energy consumption have a bidirectional relationship with CO2 emissions, while GDP and agricultural value added have a unidirectional relationship. This confirms the presence of the agriculture-induced environmental Kuznets curve in Ghana, suggesting the need for policies to improve agricultural practices and promote sustainable technologies.