Transportation of municipal waste for energy recovery consumes significant energy.
Refuse-derived fuel (RDF) can be made from trash and used for energy. Researchers in Poland studied how much energy is used in transporting and processing different types of waste for RDF production. They found that making RDF from mixed waste uses the most energy, while making it from bulky or separately collected waste is more efficient. Transportation of waste consumes the most energy, especially for mixed waste. Using vehicles with higher capacity for transporting RDF is important. The study suggests optimizing waste collection routes to save energy.