Land reclamation boosts ecological integrity and economic value post-mining.
Land reclamation is a method used to fix the damage caused by mining activities. It involves planning, research, and development to restore the land's productivity and ecological balance. In the United States, reclamation work is done with some uneven surfaces, which actually help with biological growth. Regulations have been set to ensure proper reclamation standards. Different types of disturbed land are classified based on soil type, relief, and vegetation. Coal tips can produce acidic soil, affecting nutrient availability. The economic impact of coal production and use should be considered in terms of energy consumption.