The goal of the research was to look at semen samples from infertile men to see what common abnormalities were present. They studied 364 men with infertility issues between Nov 2019 and Oct 2020 in a hospital in Karachi. The researchers used the latest guidelines to analyze the semen. They found that most men had a normal sperm count, but some had low sperm numbers or no sperm at all. Men with low sperm numbers also typically had less semen when they ejaculated. Additionally, some men had sperm that didn't move well. The study concludes that analyzing semen quality is crucial in figuring out why some men have fertility problems, with sperm number and movement being key indicators of male reproductive health.