The researchers studied different ways to apply nitrogen fertilizer to winter wheat in China to increase grain and protein yields. They found that splitting the fertilizer evenly between sowing and growth stages led to the best results. This method improved nitrogen levels in the grains, increased enzyme activity, and boosted grain protein content. As a result, using a 50%:50% ratio of basal to dressing fertilizer can help produce higher-quality wheat with more protein and better nitrogen distribution.