The study looked at how carbon emissions, energy use, and economic growth are connected in the top 28 countries that emit the most greenhouse gases. They found that in all countries, carbon emissions and economic growth affect each other. Developed countries see a link between economic growth and both renewable and non-renewable energy use, while developing countries do not. All countries show a connection between carbon emissions and renewable energy, but the relationship varies. Developed countries have a link between carbon emissions and non-renewable energy, while developing countries only show a one-way connection.