Sampling methods are ways to choose a group of people or things to study. There are four main types: simple random sampling, stratified random sampling, systematic random sampling, and cluster random sampling. The goal is to learn about a whole group by looking at a smaller part of it. Simple random sampling is the most basic way to pick a sample. Stratified sampling divides the group into different categories. Systematic sampling is an easy way to pick a random sample. Cluster sampling is cost-effective and saves time by grouping together nearby units for data collection.