Approaching the topic of 4E cognition from an evolutionary perspective can help us understand cultural and biological evolution, cognition, and human nature. The four papers in this section show that cognition is not just about abstract thinking, but also about basic mechanisms that support and drive cognition. These processes are not only in our brains but also in groups and species. By focusing too much on abstract thinking, we might miss out on understanding how cognition works. To truly understand cognition, we need to look at how it is embodied, embedded, enactive, and extended, as well as how it is shaped, transmitted, and diversified in group formation.