Indonesia's water crisis: Unequal distribution of virtual water flows revealed in crop consumption across provinces.
The article delves into how much water is used to produce and consume crop products in different parts of Indonesia. By looking at virtual water flows between provinces and the water footprints related to crop consumption, the study found that the average water needed for crop consumption in Indonesia is 1131 m3 per person per year. However, different provinces have varied water footprints, ranging from 859 to 1895 m3 per person per year. Java, known for water scarcity, imports a lot of virtual water to meet its needs. The study suggests that better crop trading between provinces and improving water efficiency in low-efficiency areas can help reduce Indonesia's overall water footprint. Trade is essential to provide food to densely populated areas like Java, where water scarcity is high.