The article discusses the historical evolution of Yunmeng Marsh and Jingjiang Delta by analyzing geological, archaeological, and historical data. The Yunmeng Marsh formed at the end of the ice age due to changes in sea level and river flow. The Jingjiang Delta went through three stages of development, leading to changes in its thickness and location. Human activities and natural factors influenced the evolution of the delta. The development of the Jingjiang Delta caused significant flooding in Dungting Lake and Jianghan plains over time.