Earth and Planetary Sciences
2 years ago

Massive water vapor injection from Tonga volcano could impact global climate.

Atmosphere
Large Amounts of Water Vapor Were Injected into the Stratosphere by the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai Volcano Eruption
Jingyuan Xu, Dan Li, Zhixuan Bai, Mengchu Tao, Jianchun Bian

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A volcano in Tonga injected a lot of water vapor into the upper atmosphere, which can affect the Earth's climate. The eruption released 139 ± 8 Tg of water vapor, increasing global stratospheric water vapor by 8.9 ± 0.5%. The highest impact reached about 47.6 km above the Earth's surface. The region with the most water vapor increase was between 22.2 and 27 km up, with levels rising by 6–8 ppmv over three months. This extra water vapor could impact the Earth's radiation balance and ozone layer.