The researchers studied how using biofertilizer and phosphorus affects the growth and yield of chickpeas. They tested different combinations in a field experiment and found that the best results were seen with Rhizobium+PSB + Phosphorus 60kg/ha. This combination led to taller plants, more nodules, higher dry weight, more pods and seeds per plant, and heavier test weight at harvest. It also resulted in higher grain and stover yields, gross and net returns, and a better benefit-cost ratio compared to other treatments.