Consumers prefer natural foods without chemical additives. Researchers are exploring natural preservatives like polylysine to extend food shelf life. Polylysine, a cationic polypeptide, is edible, water-soluble, and non-toxic. It can control spoilage and deactivate pathogens in food. Polylysine can also enhance drug delivery and improve drug efficacy in treating leukemia and tumors. In nutraceuticals, polylysine shows promise as an effective and safe food preservative.