Land degradation is a big problem worldwide, affecting the productivity of land. In Ethiopia, efforts have been made since the 1970s to conserve soil and water. Different programs have been set up to focus on various aspects, but not much on soil mechanics. Agronomic and biological measures help reduce soil erosion by improving soil properties. In acid-affected soils, it's important to choose suitable technologies to rehabilitate the soil. Biological measures are more effective in rehabilitating acid-affected soils compared to physical measures.