The researchers tested different doses of Nano-urea on pearl millet yield in a field experiment. They found that applying 50% of the recommended nitrogen dose as a base, along with a 0.5% Nano-urea foliar spray at specific growth stages, led to higher yields. This treatment resulted in more productive tillers, longer and thicker earheads, more grains per earhead, higher test weight, and increased grain and stover yields compared to other treatments.