In the study, researchers compared different refrigerants to find ones that are better for the environment. They analyzed the performance of HCFCs, HFCs, and natural refrigerants in a cooling system. The key focus was to look at their impact on the ozone layer and global warming. By testing under various conditions, they found that R717 had the highest efficiency among them all. Despite being good for the environment with a Global Warming Potential of 0, it has safety concerns. So, choosing a refrigerant involves balancing its impact on the planet and its safety level.