Facework and politeness theories explore how people maintain their desired public image during interactions, especially in health-related situations. Positive face is about being socially accepted, while negative face is about avoiding imposition. People use preventive facework to avoid threats to their image by being polite or changing the topic. Politeness theory provides strategies for achieving goals while being considerate. If face threats occur, corrective facework like apologies or humor can help repair the situation. These theories help us understand how individuals navigate social interactions to protect their public image.