Dissenting Ingroup Members Elicit More Negativity Than Outgroup Critics
People react differently to criticism from within their group compared to criticism from outsiders. In a study about U.S. political parties, when someone criticizes their own party, they are seen more negatively by their group members (black sheep effect). However, criticism from an outsider is viewed even more negatively (intergroup sensitivity effect). This shows that while criticizing your own group can make you a "black sheep," it also comes with some understanding.