The researchers used a tool called ADOPT to predict how cars in California will change from 2019 to 2035. They looked at things like how fast the cars can go, how far they can drive, how much gas they use, and how much they cost. By simulating different scenarios, they found that in one scenario with advanced technology, electric cars got better range and cost less. If more people buy electric cars, regular cars might only get a little bit better at saving gas. Trade-offs may happen, such as lower gas mileage for faster acceleration. The research suggests that electric cars could keep improving, especially if technology gets better and cheaper, leading to more affordable electric cars with longer ranges.