Positive North Atlantic Oscillation triggers cooling trend in subpolar region
Sea surface temperatures in the subpolar North Atlantic have been cooling since 1900, despite global warming. This cooling, known as the North Atlantic cold blob, is partly caused by a more positive North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) pattern. The positive NAO increases surface winds, leading to more heat loss from the ocean. The NAO-induced heat loss alone can explain 67% of the observed cooling trend. This suggests that besides ocean currents, changes in atmospheric circulation have also played a significant role in cooling the subpolar North Atlantic over the past century.