The study looked at how different fencing periods and grazing intensities affect insect diversity in the desert steppe in Inner Mongolia. They found that after 3 or 7 years of fencing, there were no significant differences in plant or insect diversity. However, as grazing pressure increased, insect diversity decreased more at the 7-year enclosure sites. The researchers recommend light grazing (8 sheep per hectare per half year) for maintaining biodiversity in the desert steppe, and suggest that long periods of livestock removal are not beneficial for insect diversity. Periodic grazing is important for preserving biodiversity in the desert steppe.