The scientists used computer simulations to compare different insulation materials for keeping pipes from losing heat. They studied materials like aerogel and silicon-based coatings. The goal was to see which material worked best to trap heat in pipes. Their simulations showed that silicon-based coatings were better at keeping heat in compared to materials like aluminium silicate fiber or calcium silicate board, especially at high temperatures above 300°C. This means that using silicon-based coatings could help pipes stay hotter for longer periods.