Extrinsic incentives like rewards and punishments can make people do things, but they might not keep them motivated in the long run. For fun activities, these incentives can actually decrease motivation. And for boring tasks, they stop people from seeing the value in what they're doing. On the other hand, giving reasons and choices can help people stay motivated and interested in the activity. This approach also lets people have a say in what they're doing and allows for discussions between students and teachers about behavior.