The researchers investigated how different ratios of carbon to nitrogen (C/N) affect the composting of sewage sludge and cotton waste. They found that mixtures with initial C/N ratios between 24.9 and 35.2 resulted in better stabilization of waste and higher quality organic compost. Treatments with ratios of 90% cotton and 10% sludge, 80% cotton and 20% sludge, and 67% cotton and 33% sludge showed the best performance, with longer thermophilic phase duration and higher potential for organic matter degradation. These mixtures also had higher pH values and cation exchange capacity, indicating better agronomic quality. On the other hand, a ratio of 28% cotton and 72% sludge did not meet regulatory pH requirements.