The article discusses how Indonesia is converting diesel power plants to green PV-BESS plants. The researchers analyzed the cost of this conversion by looking at the Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE). They found that the LCOE is lowest at 33.5 cUSD/kWh when PV penetration is at 97%, with specific capacities for PV, PCS, and batteries. However, if PV penetration goes beyond 90%, especially to 100%, the LCOE increases significantly due to higher battery capacities needed.