Soil health is crucial for growing crops, but it's threatened by various factors like overuse and pollution. To understand how different farming practices affect soil health, scientists studied soil samples from long-term experiments across Europe. They looked at physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of the soil, focusing on bacteria, archaea, and fungi. By analyzing these microorganisms, they found that changes in soil management can impact the diversity and function of soil microbes. This information can help farmers improve soil quality and predict future soil health.