The Brazilian Amazon, a vast region covering over half of Brazil, is mainly tropical forest with a population of over 25 million people. The focus of the study is on controlling deforestation in this area. The researchers define Legal Amazônia as specific states in the north of Brazil, totaling over 5 million square kilometers. They found that 80% of the region is still unexplored or preserved. This highlights the importance of efforts to prevent further deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon.