Coastal management plans in Portugal need to consider coastline changes and uncertainties. The causes of shoreline retreat and erosion, both natural and human-induced, are discussed. It is crucial to understand coastal dynamics for better predictions and management tools. Portuguese coastal ecosystems are vulnerable to extreme events and climate change impacts. Proper characterization of extreme events is essential for effective coastal management. A detailed assessment of coastline evolution was done for the Caminha-Espinho coastal program, showing the potential of the methodology in supporting management plans.