The article discusses how ecosystem services research has evolved over the past 20 years, focusing on valuing and trade-offs. Valuing ecosystem services helps people see the economic importance of nature, while trade-offs show how different services interact. The study suggests that the next step in research will be looking at ecosystem services flows, which combine ecology, economy, sociology, and geography. This new direction will help us better understand how humans and nature are connected and how to manage ecosystems effectively.