The study looked at how different communities of insects in a river in China are put together. They found that where the insects were in the river didn't affect how they were put together as much as previously thought. The types of insects changed a lot from one place to another, but they were still closely related. This meant that even though the insects were different, they had similar functions. However, the differences in how closely related the insects were didn't always match up with how different their functions were. This shows that just because insects are closely related doesn't mean they do the same things. The study highlights the importance of looking at different aspects of diversity to understand how communities of insects are formed.